Bitcoin Dev Archive Topics

Replace-by-fee

Whether a node should let an unconfirmed transaction be replaced by one paying a higher fee. Peter Todd's full RBF patches in 2013 and 2015 set off some of the angriest threads in the archive, because replacement makes unconfirmed payments unsafe for merchants. Opt-in RBF (BIP 125) shipped in 2015; Bitcoin Core made full RBF the default in 2023.

99 threads and 1,206 messages, 31 Jan 2012 to 16 Jun 2026.

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BIPs

BIP 125

Bitcoin Optech

The threads, in order

Listed by the date of each thread's first message.

2012 1 thread

31 Jan 2012
BIP16/17 replacement Andy Parkins
9 messages

2013 5 threads

16 Apr 2013
Enable tx replacement on testnet. (#2516) Peter Todd
1 message
16 Apr 2013
Anti DoS for tx replacement Mike Hearn
26 messages
9 May 2013
An initial replace-by-fee implementation is now available John Dillon
5 messages
15 May 2013
2BTC reward for making probabalistic double-spending via conflicting transactions easy Peter Todd
5 messages
21 May 2013
Double Spend Notification Quinn Harris
14 messages

2014 5 threads

22 Mar 2014
Handling miner adoption gracefully for embedded consensus systems via double-spending/replace-by-fee Peter Todd
36 messages
22 Apr 2014
Double-spending unconfirmed transactions is a lot easier than most people realise Peter Todd
8 messages
24 Apr 2014
0 confirmation txs using replace-by-fee and game theory Jorge Timón
13 messages
28 Apr 2014
Replace-by-fee scorched-earth without child-pays-for-parent Peter Todd
1 message
26 Sep 2014
SPV clients and relaying double spends Aaron Voisine
10 messages

2015 14 threads

4 Jan 2015
Re-enabling simple tx replacement Ross Nicoll
10 messages
12 Feb 2015
replace-by-fee v0.10.0rc4 Peter Todd
79 messages
22 Feb 2015
alternate proposal opt-in miner takes double-spend (Re: replace-by-fee v0.10.0rc4) Adam Back
16 messages
28 Mar 2015
Double spending and replace by fee Mike Hearn
4 messages
9 May 2015
A suggestion for reducing the size of the UTXO database Jim Phillips
45 messages
26 May 2015
First-Seen-Safe Replace-by-Fee Peter Todd
12 messages
26 May 2015
Cost savings by using replace-by-fee, 30-90% Raystonn .
2 messages
27 May 2015
Consensus-enforced transaction replacement via sequence numbers Mark F
22 messages
2 Jun 2015
Consensus-enforced transaction replacement signalled via sequence numbers Mark F
11 messages
19 Jun 2015
F2Pool has enabled full replace-by-fee Peter Todd
79 messages
29 Jun 2015
BIP: Full Replace-by-Fee deployment schedule Peter Todd
20 messages
9 Jul 2015
Can we penalize peers who relay rejected replacement txs? Matt Whitlock
7 messages
17 Nov 2015
Opt-in Full Replace-By-Fee (Full-RBF) Peter Todd
3 messages
29 Nov 2015
Use CPFP as consensus critical for Full-RBF Vincent Truong
2 messages

2016 3 threads

22 Jan 2016
nSequence multiple uses Andrew C
3 messages
5 Feb 2016
BIP draft: Hard fork opt-in mechanism for SPV nodes Johnson Lau
2 messages
23 Aug 2016
BIP Status updates (including to Active/Final Status) - BIP 39, BIP 43, BIP 44, BIP 67, BIP 111, BIP 125, BIP 130 Luke Dashjr
15 messages

2017 4 threads

12 Jan 2017
Transaction Replacement by Fee Amir Taaki
4 messages
25 Mar 2017
Strong Anti-Replay via Coinbase Transactions Cameron Garnham
2 messages
21 Jun 2017
BIP Idea : DDoS resistance via decentrilized proof-of-work Ilya Eriklintsev
5 messages
5 Dec 2017
BIP-21 amendment proposal: -no125 Sjors Provoost
8 messages

2018 7 threads

22 Jan 2018
Transaction Merging (bip125 relaxation) rhavar
21 messages
4 Feb 2018
RBF Wallet Algorithms (Was: Transaction Merging (bip125 relaxation)) ZmnSCPxj
1 message
12 Feb 2018
Revisiting BIP 125 RBF policy. Russell O'Connor
18 messages
14 Mar 2018
{sign|verify}message replacement Karl-Johan Alm
16 messages
10 Apr 2018
Few questions regarding ListTransaction Maksim Solovjov
10 messages
5 Jun 2018
BetterHash Mining Protocol Replacements Matt Corallo
3 messages
29 Nov 2018
CPFP Carve-Out for Fee-Prediction Issues in Contracting Applications (eg Lightning) Matt Corallo
19 messages

2019 1 thread

2 Jun 2019
Emergency RBF (BIP 125) Rusty Russell
10 messages

2020 3 threads

31 Jan 2020
Purge attacks (spin on sabotage attacks) ha su
8 messages
21 Apr 2020
RBF Pinning with Counterparties and Competing Interest Matt Corallo
39 messages
19 Sep 2020
A Replacement for RBF and CPFP: Non-Destructive TXID Dependencies for Fee Sponsoring Jeremy Rubin
19 messages

2021 9 threads

23 Apr 2021
L2s Onchain Support IRC Workshop Antoine Riard
6 messages
30 Apr 2021
Fee estimates and RBF Prayank
7 messages
6 May 2021
Full Disclosure: CVE-2021-31876 Defect in Bitcoin Core's bip125 logic Antoine Riard
7 messages
15 Jun 2021
Proposal: Full-RBF in Bitcoin Core 24.0 Antoine Riard
12 messages
29 Jun 2021
Last week's second IRC workshop on L2 onchain support and wrap up Michael Folkson
2 messages
4 Sep 2021
Note on Sequence Lock Upgrades Defect Jeremy Rubin
7 messages
16 Sep 2021
Proposal: Package Mempool Accept and Package RBF Gloria Zhao
16 messages
1 Oct 2021
Replacement transaction and ancestor score bug Prayank
1 message
29 Nov 2021
A fee-bumping model Antoine Poinsot
9 messages

2022 26 threads

27 Jan 2022
Improving RBF Policy Gloria Zhao
16 messages
31 Jan 2022
Improving RBF policy Bram Cohen
9 messages
10 Feb 2022
Thoughts on fee bumping James O'Beirne
26 messages
13 Feb 2022
Lightning and other layer 2 projects with multiple RBF policies Prayank
5 messages
22 Mar 2022
mempool transaction witness-replacement Larry Ruane
2 messages
10 May 2022
Bringing a nuke to a knife fight: Transaction introspection to stop RBF pinning Greg Sanders
3 messages
14 Jun 2022
Playing with full-rbf peers for fun and L2s security Antoine Riard
27 messages
4 Aug 2022
RBF rules, setting policy defaults in Bitcoin Core and the role of BIPs Michael Folkson
4 messages
5 Aug 2022
P2P trading replacement transactions alicexbt
5 messages
7 Oct 2022
Zero-conf apps in immediate danger Dario Sneidermanis
66 messages
16 Oct 2022
Does Bitcoin require or have an honest majority or a rational one? (re rbf) Jeremy Rubin
18 messages
17 Oct 2022
Does Bitcoin require or have an honest majority or a rational one? (re rbf) (Jeremy Rubin) John Carvalho
3 messages
18 Oct 2022
Ephemeral Anchors: Fixing V3 Package RBF against package limit pinning Greg Sanders
22 messages
20 Oct 2022
Analysis of full-RBF deployment methods Dario Sneidermanis
4 messages
26 Oct 2022
On mempool policy consistency Anthony Towns
33 messages
2 Nov 2022
Solving Multi-Party Flows Pinning with Opt-in Full-RBF Spent-nVersion Signaling Antoine Riard
6 messages
2 Nov 2022
Preventing/detecting pinning of jointly funded txs Anthony Towns
4 messages
2 Nov 2022
Announcement: Full-RBF Miner Bounty Peter Todd
21 messages
7 Nov 2022
Removing BIP-125 Rule #5 Pinning with the Always-Replaceable Invariant Peter Todd
7 messages
20 Nov 2022
Custom signet for testing full RBF alicexbt
3 messages
1 Dec 2022
Zero-conf apps in immediate danger Daniel Lipshitz
17 messages
5 Dec 2022
Zero-conf apps in immediate danger (angus) John Carvalho
6 messages
11 Dec 2022
A proposal for Full RBF to not exclude Zero Conf use case Daniel Lipshitz
20 messages
12 Dec 2022
Full-RBF Peering Bitcoin Core v24.0.1 Released Peter Todd
1 message
13 Dec 2022
Bitcoin Core 24.0.1 Released Michael Ford
3 messages
23 Dec 2022
At least 17% of Bitcoin Core 24.x listening nodes are running full-rbf Peter Todd
3 messages

2023 6 threads

9 Jan 2023
Why Full-RBF Makes DoS Attacks on Multiparty Protocols Significantly More Expensive Peter Todd
11 messages
30 Jul 2023
Pull-req to enable Full-RBF by default Peter Todd
1 message
31 Jul 2023
Pull-req to enable Full-RBF by default Daniel Lipshitz
9 messages
22 Oct 2023
On solving pinning, replacement cycling and mempool issues for bitcoin second-layers Antoine Riard
2 messages
2 Nov 2023
The Pinning & Replacement Problem Set John Carvalho
3 messages
9 Dec 2023
Altruistic Rebroadcasting - A Partial Replacement Cycling Mitigation Peter Todd
5 messages

2024 11 threads

17 Jan 2024
BIP process friction Anthony Towns
11 messages
18 Jan 2024
One-Shot Replace-By-Fee-Rate Peter Todd
8 messages
20 Jan 2024
Full-RBF Peering Bitcoin Core v26.0 Released Peter Todd
1 message
24 Feb 2024
Over Half of Replace-by-Fee-Rate Replacements Are Mined Peter Todd
5 messages
13 Mar 2024
OP_Expire mempool behavior Peter Todd
4 messages
18 Mar 2024
A Free-Relay Attack Exploiting RBF Rule #6 Peter Todd
22 messages
14 Apr 2024
Draft BIP for User-Defined Transaction Flags Policy & Strategy Bitcoin Error Log
5 messages
17 May 2024
Analysis of Replacement Cycling Attacks Risks on L2s (beyond LN) Antoine Riard
3 messages
20 Jun 2024
Libre Relay v27.1 released with lower 1.25x replacement threshold Peter Todd
3 messages
18 Jul 2024
A "Free" Relay Attack Taking Advantage of The Lack of Full-RBF In Core Peter Todd
42 messages
2 Aug 2024
Keyless Anchors Are Vulnerable To Replacement Cycling Attacks Peter Todd
3 messages

2025 2 threads

27 Jan 2025
: Replacement Cycling Attacks on Attacks on Bitcoin Miners Block Templates Antoine Riard
3 messages
20 Mar 2025
Standard Unstructured Annex Peter Todd
7 messages

2026 2 threads

30 Mar 2026
Dust UTXO Disposal Protocol bubb1es
8 messages
11 Jun 2026
Removal of BIP 125 RBF signalling in wallet transactions rkrux
6 messages