Fees and fee estimation
How much a transaction should pay, how a wallet should guess, and what happens to miners' income when the subsidy runs out. The fee market the list debated in theory in 2013 arrived in 2017, and the estimation threads are where today's wallet heuristics come from.
148 threads and 1,759 messages, 12 Dec 2012 to 21 Aug 2026.
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Bitcoin Optech
The threads, in order
Listed by the date of each thread's first message.
2012 1 thread
- 1 message
2013 13 threads
- Change recommended fee to 0.001 BTC Rune K. Svendsen6 messages
- 3 messages
- 1 message
- 5 messages
- 7 messages
- Making fee estimation better Peter Todd22 messages
- On the optimal block size and why transaction fees are 8 times too low (or transactions 8 times too big) Michael Gronager8 messages
- 1. Re: On the optimal block size and why transaction fees are 8 Goss, Brian C., M.D.2 messages
- Even simpler minimum fee calculation formula: f > bounty*fork_rate/average_blocksize Michael Gronager16 messages
- Floating fees and SPV clients Mike Hearn46 messages
- Temporary fee fix Andreas Petersson2 messages
- Fees UI warning Drak11 messages
- Fees / prio to be confirmed within .... Mike Hearn1 message
2014 10 threads
- 5 messages
- working with the blockchain: transaction fees & sum(inputs) != sum(outputs) (newbie questions) Denis Andrejew4 messages
- Fee drop Peter Todd12 messages
- Handling miner adoption gracefully for embedded consensus systems via double-spending/replace-by-fee Peter Todd36 messages
- 13 messages
- 1 message
- Bitcoin Fee Formula Proposal Peter Grigor3 messages
- floating fees statistics Harald Schilly1 message
- 9 messages
- 1 message
2015 31 threads
- replace-by-fee v0.10.0rc4 Peter Todd79 messages
- 16 messages
- Double spending and replace by fee Mike Hearn4 messages
- Solution for Block Size Increase Nicolas Dorier2 messages
- 5 messages
- First-Seen-Safe Replace-by-Fee Peter Todd12 messages
- Cost savings by using replace-by-fee, 30-90% Raystonn .2 messages
- Proposal: SPV Fee Discovery mechanism Nathan Wilcox17 messages
- User vote in blocksize through fees Peter Todd42 messages
- F2Pool has enabled full replace-by-fee Peter Todd79 messages
- Fee Market Effects Tim Witters1 message
- BIP: Full Replace-by-Fee deployment schedule Peter Todd20 messages
- Bitcoin Core 0.11.0 released Wladimir J. van der Laan4 messages
- 1 message
- 21 messages
- 2 messages
- Eli Dourado on "governance" Gavin Andresen29 messages
- Fees and the block-finding process Gavin Andresen93 messages
- Off-chain transactions and miner fees info@bitmarkets.net13 messages
- Fees and the block-finding process Corey Haddad1 message
- 6 messages
- 2 messages
- 2 messages
- Unlimited Max Blocksize (reprise) Daniele Pinna4 messages
- 9 messages
- 7 messages
- 4 messages
- 2 messages
- How wallets can handle real transaction fees Bram Cohen1 message
- Upcoming Transaction Priority Changes Matt Corallo9 messages
- Opt-in Full Replace-By-Fee (Full-RBF) Peter Todd3 messages
2016 4 threads
- Fee smoothing Luzius Meisser5 messages
- New "feefilter" p2p message Alex Morcos5 messages
- consensus rule change for TX fee safety Alice Wonder7 messages
- Fees and Accounts Marc Larue3 messages
2017 14 threads
- Transaction Replacement by Fee Amir Taaki4 messages
- 6 messages
- High fees / centralization Tom Harding8 messages
- Refund Excesss Fee Hard Fork Proposal praxeology_guy3 messages
- TXMempool and dirty entries DJ Bitcoin2 messages
- BIP: Block signal enforcement via tx fees Luke Dashjr17 messages
- BIP Idea : DDoS resistance via decentrilized proof-of-work Ilya Eriklintsev5 messages
- 10 messages
- 17 messages
- Mempool optimized fees, etc. (Scaling Bitcoin) Karl-Johan Alm1 message
- BIP Idea: Marginal Pricing William Morriss12 messages
- BIP Proposal: UTWFOTIB - Use Transaction Weight For Ordering Transactions In Blocks LORD HIS EXCELLENCY JAMES HRMH9 messages
- Total fees have almost crossed the block reward Melvin Carvalho13 messages
- 3 messages
2018 5 threads
- 21 messages
- Proposal: rewarding fees to next block miner Nathan Parker11 messages
- 2 messages
- 3 messages
- 19 messages
2019 2 threads
- 7 messages
- Emergency RBF (BIP 125) Rusty Russell10 messages
2020 7 threads
- Onchain fee insurance mechanism ZmnSCPxj3 messages
- Block solving slowdown question/poll Dave Scotese15 messages
- 39 messages
- SAS: Succinct Atomic Swap Ruben Somsen20 messages
- 24 messages
- 19 messages
- Out-of-band transaction fees Sebastian Geisler6 messages
2021 11 threads
- Fee estimates and RBF Prayank7 messages
- 7 messages
- 19 messages
- BIP proposal: Anti-fee-sniping protection with nSequence in taproot transactions to improve privacy for off-chain protocols Chris Belcher4 messages
- Waiting SIGHASH_ANYPREVOUT and Packing Packages Antoine Riard6 messages
- Fee estimation requirements Dave Scotese1 message
- Removing the Dust Limit Jeremy Rubin36 messages
- Proposal: Package Mempool Accept and Package RBF Gloria Zhao16 messages
- death to the mempool, long live the mempool lisa neigut14 messages
- A fee-bumping model Antoine Poinsot9 messages
- Take 2: Removing the Dust Limit Jeremy Rubin8 messages
2022 17 threads
- Fee Accounts Jeremy Rubin44 messages
- Improving RBF Policy Gloria Zhao16 messages
- Improving RBF policy Bram Cohen9 messages
- Thoughts on fee bumping James O'Beirne26 messages
- 5 messages
- CTV vaults in the wild James O'Beirne6 messages
- Covenants and feebumping Antoine Poinsot5 messages
- mempool transaction witness-replacement Larry Ruane2 messages
- Package Relay Proposal Gloria Zhao19 messages
- Packaged Transaction Relay Eric Voskuil16 messages
- 35 messages
- 13 messages
- On mempool policy consistency Anthony Towns33 messages
- Preventing/detecting pinning of jointly funded txs Anthony Towns4 messages
- 7 messages
- Relative txout amounts with a Merkleized Sum Tree and explicit miner fee. Andrew Melnychuk Oseen3 messages
- 16 messages
2023 15 threads
- SIGHASH_GROUP vs Ephemeral anchors Anthony Towns2 messages
- 18 messages
- 10 messages
- BIP proposal: Fee-redistribution contracts Rastislav Budinsky4 messages
- Minimum fees Giuseppe B8 messages
- 8 messages
- tx max fee Erik Aronesty9 messages
- 14 messages
- Full Disclosure: CVE-2023-40231 / CVE-2023-40232 / CVE-2023-40233 / CVE-2023-40234 "All your mempool are belong to us" Antoine Riard59 messages
- Batch exchange withdrawal to lightning requires covenants Bastien TEINTURIER9 messages
- HTLC output aggregation as a mitigation for tx recycling, jamming, and on-chain efficiency (covenants) Johan Torås Halseth5 messages
- 5 messages
- 13 messages
- Addressing the possibility of profitable fee manipulation attacks ArmchairCryptologist4 messages
- 8 messages
2024 8 threads
- One-Shot Replace-By-Fee-Rate Peter Todd8 messages
- 14 messages
- 5 messages
- 1 message
- Draft BIP for User-Defined Transaction Flags Policy & Strategy Bitcoin Error Log5 messages
- 42 messages
- 6 messages
- 3 messages
2025 7 threads
- Call for reconfiguration of nodes to relay transactions with fee-rates below 1 sat/vbyte Greg Tonoski6 messages
- Proposal: Unlocking Dust UTXOs as Miner Transaction Fees Nighttime Satoshi6 messages
- Standard Unstructured Annex Peter Todd7 messages
- 8 messages
- 3 messages
- 7 messages
- The Cat, BIP draft discussion. Bitcoin Mechanic20 messages
2026 3 threads
- Dust UTXO Disposal Protocol bubb1es8 messages
- 64-Byte Transactions and Potential Legitimate Uses Jeremy Rubin8 messages
- Anti-Fee-Sniping with LockTime nervana213 messages